1, the key is to rust prevention rust stone processing after surface treatment to be effective, in order to prevent the oxidation of iron minerals seeping surface, the general use of oil-repellant. Mainly deal with rust rust remover, but mostly due to the acidic rust agent, so not acid landscaping stone, such as marble, dolomitic, shall be tested prior to use, if necessary, add water to dilute.
2, water spots, wet marks prevent water Banzhu If the resin is injected so that the stone waterproof, moisture in the air to block and stone or cement internal exposure to the substance, reduce the chemical reaction conditions. If the use of treated water Banzhu penetration dye to change the original color of the stone, "wet marks quit" can be regarded as a major problem in the international stone tile conservation area.
3, white bloom, commonly known as tears prevent white bloom mainly in the stone processing with penetrating protectants for stone six-sided protective treatment. Processing Bai Hua phenomenon is mainly rinse the stone surface has been cleaned, it was rendered neutral, dried and then on the stone surface and joint conservation process. Rust agent and detergent should be used hyperoxia, gentle formula to remove rust stains on the stone, tea stains, straw stains, macular stains and metal oxides, must not harm the stone. http://www.stonegroupon.com/
If serious damage stone surface gloss disappearing phenomenon. If you encounter such a situation, you need to use Du Bishi polishing powder + F66 really light polishing agent. Polishing powder contains an oxidizing agent such as fine particles of aluminum oxide or tin oxide, the main ingredient containing a surface active material is not acid-containing oxide. Hand polishing suitable hotel building bathroom, kitchen area, surface, and polishing machine is used for large area surface matte area.
2015年10月8日星期四
2015年10月7日星期三
Decorative Stone Shop skills
When consumers buy decorative stone, often do not know how to identify its quality. Marble, landscaping stone, slate is a decorative stone in three main categories, which include natural decorative stone more than 99% of the species.
Choose decorative stone look Appearance:
Commonly used decorative stone mainly marble and granite.
Generally, marble texture and delicate, pattern varied, colorful, easy processing and finishing, but low hardness, poor wear resistance than the granite. Mainly used for interior floors, walls, window sills and cylinder finishes.
Granite is characterized by compact structure, water absorption is very small, hard, high strength, especially compressive strength of up 1200-2500kg / cm. Since the main mineral composition of stone tile strong resistance to acid, therefore extremely corrosive acid, alkali erosion class also has a strong resist force. http://www.stonegroupon.com/
Granite difficult to weathering deterioration, the appearance of color can be kept for more than a century, so much used for exterior finishes. In the air because of its strong ability to resist acid, higher than the marble hardness, wear resistance, the durability of marble, terrazzo and other stone can not, and therefore is an ideal architectural natural stone. Compared with marble, granite and less variation in color and pattern, but there are more flexible in terms of the texture changes, but appears to be more solemn and classical in the overall feeling.
Quality depends on the selection of decorative stone:
Stone material should be uniform and complete avoidance dark crack, black scar and color problem.
1. Note that the composition of the stone, avoid products containing excessive iron sulfide, iron oxide, and carbonaceous clay and other harmful substances;
2. Note that the radiation level stone;
3. Note the stone whether they contain mineral ingredients high coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal and electrical conductivity, in order to avoid cracks, thermally and electrically conductive dangerous.
To consider the selection of decorative stone Durability:
We should try to use the stone pore distribution, small aperture, low water absorption, high hardness and compressive strength. It should be noted, although higher than the major strength of the stone, but will increase the load of the structure, it will reduce the intensity and seismic capacity of buildings.
Choose decorative stone look Appearance:
Commonly used decorative stone mainly marble and granite.
Generally, marble texture and delicate, pattern varied, colorful, easy processing and finishing, but low hardness, poor wear resistance than the granite. Mainly used for interior floors, walls, window sills and cylinder finishes.
Granite is characterized by compact structure, water absorption is very small, hard, high strength, especially compressive strength of up 1200-2500kg / cm. Since the main mineral composition of stone tile strong resistance to acid, therefore extremely corrosive acid, alkali erosion class also has a strong resist force. http://www.stonegroupon.com/
Granite difficult to weathering deterioration, the appearance of color can be kept for more than a century, so much used for exterior finishes. In the air because of its strong ability to resist acid, higher than the marble hardness, wear resistance, the durability of marble, terrazzo and other stone can not, and therefore is an ideal architectural natural stone. Compared with marble, granite and less variation in color and pattern, but there are more flexible in terms of the texture changes, but appears to be more solemn and classical in the overall feeling.
Quality depends on the selection of decorative stone:
Stone material should be uniform and complete avoidance dark crack, black scar and color problem.
1. Note that the composition of the stone, avoid products containing excessive iron sulfide, iron oxide, and carbonaceous clay and other harmful substances;
2. Note that the radiation level stone;
3. Note the stone whether they contain mineral ingredients high coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal and electrical conductivity, in order to avoid cracks, thermally and electrically conductive dangerous.
To consider the selection of decorative stone Durability:
We should try to use the stone pore distribution, small aperture, low water absorption, high hardness and compressive strength. It should be noted, although higher than the major strength of the stone, but will increase the load of the structure, it will reduce the intensity and seismic capacity of buildings.
2015年10月6日星期二
Stone describes selected
In the selection of the stone when the first, do not have cracks, second, do not have variegated lines. Transparency of white marble is better, but it will compare Mottled appear; and more white Greek marble, mostly do not have cracks, nor have variegated, so I chose to do the stone is an important part of the sculpture.
Stone selection turned out to be the same as the child's education, individualized. Through the heart of the selection, and then after a carefully crafted, into the works in the garden, it seems only natural, lively and elegant.
Inside stone field, carving techniques it is saying the use of materials, selection is very important part. For example, I want to cut a female body, you need the kind of soft feel. Western female body is very beautiful moment, because they are very beautiful marble, so for the moment the female body is very appropriate. If you want engraved farmer, get a stone Bai Bailiang light of light, that farmer looks terrifying, not the kind of rustic feel, so we will choose Guanyin rocks, stone green bucket This rugged stone.
Each stone hardness is not the same, of course, the hardest diamond, its hardness is about 10 degrees. In our engraving used, granite probably be the hardest, may be about 6,7 degrees; blue bucket mainland Fujian stone is stone, there are also about 5 degrees; marble carving in general, probably only 2,3 degrees only; Guanyin rocks is 2,3 degrees, the Goddess of Mercy is not the same rocks with marble, marble texture has a direction, a bit like a stick. Guanyin rocks with bluestone, a bit like concrete, it is a crystalline one, so it has no direction.
Aurora marble stone belongs to class, but it is relatively small quantity, like many of Milan church sculpture is carved from this stone, it's a bit like Hualien Rose Stone.
Zhu gravel belong sandstone, which is the Middle East's stone, the famous Heidelberg, Germany, the use of building materials is this stone.
Featured sand rock is that its structure is very loose, it is very coarse particles, in the middle of a structure with a structure which, with a magnifying glass to see, it is a hole in a hole, so this stone with fire to burn, it does not It will crack. This stone texture is very soft, hand rub a rub, you can put it particles rub down, but you do not move it, it can put a hundred years will not fall.
Bluestone pores do not like rough rocks Guanyin, its hardness up to 5 degrees, it is more often used in the temples of Zhu.
Stone selection turned out to be the same as the child's education, individualized. Through the heart of the selection, and then after a carefully crafted, into the works in the garden, it seems only natural, lively and elegant.
Inside stone field, carving techniques it is saying the use of materials, selection is very important part. For example, I want to cut a female body, you need the kind of soft feel. Western female body is very beautiful moment, because they are very beautiful marble, so for the moment the female body is very appropriate. If you want engraved farmer, get a stone Bai Bailiang light of light, that farmer looks terrifying, not the kind of rustic feel, so we will choose Guanyin rocks, stone green bucket This rugged stone.
Each stone hardness is not the same, of course, the hardest diamond, its hardness is about 10 degrees. In our engraving used, granite probably be the hardest, may be about 6,7 degrees; blue bucket mainland Fujian stone is stone, there are also about 5 degrees; marble carving in general, probably only 2,3 degrees only; Guanyin rocks is 2,3 degrees, the Goddess of Mercy is not the same rocks with marble, marble texture has a direction, a bit like a stick. Guanyin rocks with bluestone, a bit like concrete, it is a crystalline one, so it has no direction.
Aurora marble stone belongs to class, but it is relatively small quantity, like many of Milan church sculpture is carved from this stone, it's a bit like Hualien Rose Stone.
Zhu gravel belong sandstone, which is the Middle East's stone, the famous Heidelberg, Germany, the use of building materials is this stone.
Featured sand rock is that its structure is very loose, it is very coarse particles, in the middle of a structure with a structure which, with a magnifying glass to see, it is a hole in a hole, so this stone with fire to burn, it does not It will crack. This stone texture is very soft, hand rub a rub, you can put it particles rub down, but you do not move it, it can put a hundred years will not fall.
Bluestone pores do not like rough rocks Guanyin, its hardness up to 5 degrees, it is more often used in the temples of Zhu.
2015年10月4日星期日
How to prevent stone weathering
Whether it is natural stone or artificial stone are becoming widely used in modern construction industry a class of building stone products, and whether natural or man-made stone products stone products, which will inevitably occur in the course of
Weathering phenomena; weathered stone by stone usually refers to the natural environment in a variety of factors erosion leaving the stone disintegration, especially for outdoor decoration stone, once weathering phenomenon, then life will shrink
Short, then the process of how to use the stone to prevent weathering stone? It had weathered stone from factors initiate discussions.
1, lower plants role:
In water at a temperature suitable conditions, moss, mold and other organic matter sporangia with attached stone surface, began to develop the growth of the stone surface to form a wide variety of organic stain, these organisms in order to survive, and empty
Gas carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and other substances to struggle to change the surface texture of stone. In addition, after the death of these plants form organic acids and water accelerated aging stone, the stone erosion phenomenon.
2, ultraviolet radiation:
Stone itself has many pores and capillaries smaller capillary phenomenon is more significant. Therefore, the stone water, in the sun (UV) radiation, the rate of evaporation of moisture in the pores of the stone will accelerate, with water in the rate of erosion of the stone erosion of the stone material will be increased, thus caused by aging stone.
3, cleft stick effects:
Adhesive is a stone installation method, which remains in the adhesive surface of the stone due to the effects of aging of the adhesive cementation mineral stone produce relaxation, the stone interior relaxation, easy to peel off the surface, thereby accelerating the aging stone.
4, thermal effects:
Stone expands due to the heat during the day, at night the cold and contraction, resulting in thermal expansion and contraction phenomenon, and stone contains many different minerals, its expansion coefficient, and granular erosion or lump disintegration occurs.
5, the water freezing and thawing:
Freezing and thawing of water can make stone weathering: temperature dropped to 00C below the water freezes, causing ice water after the rapid expansion of the stone, the stone disintegration fragmentation.
Therefore, in order to prevent weathering of stone, you have to take appropriate measures in accordance with the physical causes of weathering were the only way to prevent the use in the construction industry weathered stone.
Weathering phenomena; weathered stone by stone usually refers to the natural environment in a variety of factors erosion leaving the stone disintegration, especially for outdoor decoration stone, once weathering phenomenon, then life will shrink
Short, then the process of how to use the stone to prevent weathering stone? It had weathered stone from factors initiate discussions.
1, lower plants role:
In water at a temperature suitable conditions, moss, mold and other organic matter sporangia with attached stone surface, began to develop the growth of the stone surface to form a wide variety of organic stain, these organisms in order to survive, and empty
Gas carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and other substances to struggle to change the surface texture of stone. In addition, after the death of these plants form organic acids and water accelerated aging stone, the stone erosion phenomenon.
2, ultraviolet radiation:
Stone itself has many pores and capillaries smaller capillary phenomenon is more significant. Therefore, the stone water, in the sun (UV) radiation, the rate of evaporation of moisture in the pores of the stone will accelerate, with water in the rate of erosion of the stone erosion of the stone material will be increased, thus caused by aging stone.
3, cleft stick effects:
Adhesive is a stone installation method, which remains in the adhesive surface of the stone due to the effects of aging of the adhesive cementation mineral stone produce relaxation, the stone interior relaxation, easy to peel off the surface, thereby accelerating the aging stone.
4, thermal effects:
Stone expands due to the heat during the day, at night the cold and contraction, resulting in thermal expansion and contraction phenomenon, and stone contains many different minerals, its expansion coefficient, and granular erosion or lump disintegration occurs.
5, the water freezing and thawing:
Freezing and thawing of water can make stone weathering: temperature dropped to 00C below the water freezes, causing ice water after the rapid expansion of the stone, the stone disintegration fragmentation.
Therefore, in order to prevent weathering of stone, you have to take appropriate measures in accordance with the physical causes of weathering were the only way to prevent the use in the construction industry weathered stone.
2015年10月3日星期六
Stone Fence applicability
Stone railings stone railings short, stone barricade is safe initiative measures on bridges and buildings, requiring strong, and beautiful to watch. Is a professional production and sale of stone barricade the company, the company can be carved according to the requirements of users a variety of stonework, can also be customized in various sizes bluestone, marble, granite and other stone railing. Stone barricade at the beginning and end of each group will be complemented by a mix of drum stones, concise overall better atmosphere. Shelter building, railing should not have too big a gap or climb the rungs.
Stone carving is our Chinese culture for thousands of years, is the crystallization of the working people, from ancient times to now stone reflects the milestones of social development. From the formal point of view, it can be divided between the sections of stone barricade continuous type two. Most of the back fence of bluestone carving in the shape of simple atmospheric contour lines. Modeling, stone barricade pillar stigma mostly cloudy pillar and two vases, some carved into lions, elephants and other auspicious, some carved into the shape of Chinese zodiac animals.
Common types are: wooden railing, stone railings, stainless steel railings, iron railings, forging stone railings, cement railing, composite railing. The more positive bluestone steeplechase bas-relief carving of some content Geely pattern, flowers, auspicious mainly sculpture department of cultural history and stories narrative theme. Staircase width over 1.4 meters, should be set up double-sided handrails, greater than 2.4 m, a railing to be added in the middle.
Stone barricade generally consists of pavement, bluestone steeplechase, pillars three departments.
Railing height depends primarily on the use of objects and places, the general high 900 mm; kindergarten, primary school staircase railings handrails can be built in the form of dual-channel, respectively, for both adults and children; the discretion of the heightening at high risk.
Stone barricade stone railing in a major representative of bluestone is a blue-gray marble texture more solid, is characterized by particularly resistant to weathering, it has been widely applied to large stone arch, stone carving and other construction projects.
In use since the stone barricade separated oriented role of the divided region boundary and clearer, designed railing, it is a decorative significance. The former by the column, handrail and ledge composition, handrails supported on pillars; the latter has a continuous handrails, the handrails, balusters and base composition. Stone barricade constructed of materials are wood, stone, concrete, brick, tile, bamboo, metal, glass and plastic.
Stone carving is our Chinese culture for thousands of years, is the crystallization of the working people, from ancient times to now stone reflects the milestones of social development. From the formal point of view, it can be divided between the sections of stone barricade continuous type two. Most of the back fence of bluestone carving in the shape of simple atmospheric contour lines. Modeling, stone barricade pillar stigma mostly cloudy pillar and two vases, some carved into lions, elephants and other auspicious, some carved into the shape of Chinese zodiac animals.
Common types are: wooden railing, stone railings, stainless steel railings, iron railings, forging stone railings, cement railing, composite railing. The more positive bluestone steeplechase bas-relief carving of some content Geely pattern, flowers, auspicious mainly sculpture department of cultural history and stories narrative theme. Staircase width over 1.4 meters, should be set up double-sided handrails, greater than 2.4 m, a railing to be added in the middle.
Stone barricade generally consists of pavement, bluestone steeplechase, pillars three departments.
Railing height depends primarily on the use of objects and places, the general high 900 mm; kindergarten, primary school staircase railings handrails can be built in the form of dual-channel, respectively, for both adults and children; the discretion of the heightening at high risk.
Stone barricade stone railing in a major representative of bluestone is a blue-gray marble texture more solid, is characterized by particularly resistant to weathering, it has been widely applied to large stone arch, stone carving and other construction projects.
In use since the stone barricade separated oriented role of the divided region boundary and clearer, designed railing, it is a decorative significance. The former by the column, handrail and ledge composition, handrails supported on pillars; the latter has a continuous handrails, the handrails, balusters and base composition. Stone barricade constructed of materials are wood, stone, concrete, brick, tile, bamboo, metal, glass and plastic.
2015年10月2日星期五
Stone tiles make home renovations substitute more environmentally friendly and durable
Now living standards improve, people not only in terms of the requirements of both home improvement fashion look good, but are increasingly seeking more environmentally friendly, so that in terms of home improvement do not know what material re-election as well, for this situation, I compiled some information for friends as a reference.
Because previous performance deficiencies, the bathroom is wallpaper, art coating forbidden, now may not be the same. Look up and down the flow of water through the wallpaper has this, and no softening, loss, damage marks.
Not afraid of water wallpaper
Because previous performance deficiencies, the bathroom is wallpaper, art coating forbidden, now may not be the same. Look up and down the flow of water through the wallpaper has this, and no softening, loss, damage marks. According to reports, this wallpaper thicker than ordinary wallpaper, but soundproof, mold, insulation effect will be better, be regarded as a wallpaper border of environmentally friendly materials.
You can replace the wallpaper tiles
Wallpaper to "spread" to the bathroom, and tiles are going way toward the bedroom, the walls of this figure is not with wallpaper paste into, but posted with European-style wallpaper tiles. Compared with imitation tile wallpaper wallpaper glue can be used with less toxic gas, relatively more healthy, but tile gives a more cold feeling, applies only in the local space.
Marble and tile Composite tile
If you have recently teach each tile brand showrooms and see exactly the same surface texture and marble tiles, you do not think they are all imitation stone tiles, and some may be a composite tile marble veneer. This composite tile is made of natural stone and tile adhesive layer blanks made thinner than natural stone, lower installation costs and make use of natural stone resources is maximized.
Because previous performance deficiencies, the bathroom is wallpaper, art coating forbidden, now may not be the same. Look up and down the flow of water through the wallpaper has this, and no softening, loss, damage marks.
Not afraid of water wallpaper
Because previous performance deficiencies, the bathroom is wallpaper, art coating forbidden, now may not be the same. Look up and down the flow of water through the wallpaper has this, and no softening, loss, damage marks. According to reports, this wallpaper thicker than ordinary wallpaper, but soundproof, mold, insulation effect will be better, be regarded as a wallpaper border of environmentally friendly materials.
You can replace the wallpaper tiles
Wallpaper to "spread" to the bathroom, and tiles are going way toward the bedroom, the walls of this figure is not with wallpaper paste into, but posted with European-style wallpaper tiles. Compared with imitation tile wallpaper wallpaper glue can be used with less toxic gas, relatively more healthy, but tile gives a more cold feeling, applies only in the local space.
Marble and tile Composite tile
If you have recently teach each tile brand showrooms and see exactly the same surface texture and marble tiles, you do not think they are all imitation stone tiles, and some may be a composite tile marble veneer. This composite tile is made of natural stone and tile adhesive layer blanks made thinner than natural stone, lower installation costs and make use of natural stone resources is maximized.
2015年10月1日星期四
Stone walls choices
In the curtain wall design, the need to draw based on stone size, color, materials and other factors of the detailed structural detail, and follow the complete mechanics checking the seismic design codes, compression, and other relevant parameters related nodes to ensure application of stone walls security and stability. General on the stone of choice should be based on the characteristics of the stone walls in indoor and outdoor, in accordance with detail elevation and each node, for its strength, water absorption and vibration levels and other parameters of the mechanical calculations to determine the stone selection, priority should be given characteristic nature stone products, color, texture and other physical properties and, combined with walls of sub-grid form, construction cost, design and layout required to reach the best overall design of the building stone.
In high-rise curtain wall design, for the calculation of the mechanical properties of stone walls associated nodes, we require a combination of structural curtain wall design mode, the connections, material properties and national industry standards of conduct required to complete the calculation of mechanical curtain system. Which can be divided into the following areas:
(1) carry the load is determined. Generally, in determining the load, you need to consider the weight of the stone, wind loads, seismic loads, and other loads forms, maintain effective load transfer structure, for uncertain load, can be determined according to the national standard projections and simulations.
(2) Stone force calculation. Before calculating the stone by force, need to determine the load in the form of stone and stone dry hanging way to determine the model of the stone walls, the stone walls of the load-bearing manner, security, and make calculations. In addition, we also need to make the stress analysis of the stone itself, including the physical properties of stone and indicators, complete the calculation according to the different characteristics of the safety factor of stone.
(3) Stone bending, shear resistance checking. For anisotropic stone, stone walls flexural checking the relevant section can be divided into two cases, one occurred in the largest stone plate bending stress point in the other direction of the stress is zero, as long as the maximum stress is less than in the corresponding direction on Stone allowable stress the stone plate bending performance to meet the requirements of their own, and vice versa is not satisfied. The second is the occurrence of the stone plate in the maximum bending stress point in the other direction is not zero stress, then we must also be considered when checking the stress. Then you can apply the theory of internal friction checking. When checking the shear strength of the stone, we need to be calculated based on the parameter checking the thickness of stone, hole depth.
In high-rise curtain wall design, for the calculation of the mechanical properties of stone walls associated nodes, we require a combination of structural curtain wall design mode, the connections, material properties and national industry standards of conduct required to complete the calculation of mechanical curtain system. Which can be divided into the following areas:
(1) carry the load is determined. Generally, in determining the load, you need to consider the weight of the stone, wind loads, seismic loads, and other loads forms, maintain effective load transfer structure, for uncertain load, can be determined according to the national standard projections and simulations.
(2) Stone force calculation. Before calculating the stone by force, need to determine the load in the form of stone and stone dry hanging way to determine the model of the stone walls, the stone walls of the load-bearing manner, security, and make calculations. In addition, we also need to make the stress analysis of the stone itself, including the physical properties of stone and indicators, complete the calculation according to the different characteristics of the safety factor of stone.
(3) Stone bending, shear resistance checking. For anisotropic stone, stone walls flexural checking the relevant section can be divided into two cases, one occurred in the largest stone plate bending stress point in the other direction of the stress is zero, as long as the maximum stress is less than in the corresponding direction on Stone allowable stress the stone plate bending performance to meet the requirements of their own, and vice versa is not satisfied. The second is the occurrence of the stone plate in the maximum bending stress point in the other direction is not zero stress, then we must also be considered when checking the stress. Then you can apply the theory of internal friction checking. When checking the shear strength of the stone, we need to be calculated based on the parameter checking the thickness of stone, hole depth.
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